Grayscale Bitcoin Trust
With $37 billion in assets, the Grayscale trust is the world’s largest Bitcoin fund. It towers over every other fund on the market. Its next-closest rival, the ProShares Bitcoin Strategy (BITO) exchange-traded fund, has racked up $1.3 billion in assets since launching in October.
Grayscale Bitcoin Security
Grayscale, which has over $45 billion of cryptocurrency assets under management, had said it plans to convert its Grayscale Bitcoin Trust (GBTC.PK) into a spot bitcoin ETF. The first U.S. bitcoin futures-based exchange-traded fund also began trading that month, taking bitcoin’s price to a six-month high.
Bitcoin and Cryptocurrency
Bitcoin is the name of the best-known cryptocurrency, the one for which blockchain technology was invented. A cryptocurrency is a medium of exchange, such as the US dollar, but is digital and uses encryption techniques to control the creation of monetary units and to verify the transfer of funds.
Cryptocurrencies run on a distributed public ledger called blockchain, a record of all transactions updated and held by currency holders. Units of cryptocurrency are created through a process called mining, which involves using computer power to solve complicated mathematical problems that generate coins.
MARKET ANALYSIS
Institutional investors are returning to accumulate Grayscale Bitcoin Trust (GBTC) shares as the discount to spot price has risen to nearly 30%, data on Glassnode shows. Since December 2021, some weekly sessions saw investors pouring in between $10 million and $120 million into Grayscale’s flagship fund. Meanwhile, the biggest capital inflow — amounting to nearly $140 million — appeared in the week ending on Feb. 25, as shown in the chart below.
No Selloff yet among High-Profile GBTC Backers
The GBTC trust attracted investments as global markets faced back-to-back shocks in the past few months, including a dramatic selloff in the technology stocks, followed by Russia’s invasion of Ukraine that left many fund managers with a double-digit percentage loss.
For instance, Cathie Wood’s ARK Next Generation ETF (ARKW), which holds $478 million worth of GBTC, crashed by nearly 45% year-over-year, primarily owing to its exposure in the sectors that suffered the most during the recent market turbulence, including technology (43.14%) and communication (27.99%).
US Security Filings: High Over 1.5 Million GBTC
But in November 2021, ARKW added over 450,000 GBTC shares to its portfolio, when their discounts were as steep as nearly 17.5%. Similarly, the Morgan Stanley Insight Fund (CPODX) held over 1.5 million GBTC as of Sep. 30, 2021, according to its securities filings with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Its year-over-year performance as of March 6, 2022, came to be around minus 43%.
Both ARKW and CPODX underperformed as GBTC fell by 43% in the past 12 months. Nonetheless, neither ARKW nor CPODX reported selling significant shares of GBTC.
ETF Hype
Many factors attribute to GBTC’s underperformance, including rising competition from exchange-traded funds (ETF) in Canada. Unlike GBTC, ETFs allow investors for Share Redemptions, a process through which a fund can destroy shares based on demand-supply dynamics.
Digital Currency Group, Grayscale’s parent company, has attempted to reduce the discount by buying back GBTC shares. But its efforts have been mired further by the launch of ProShares Bitcoin Strategy ETF (BITO), which holds futures contracts. This has ended up dislocating GBTC’s price further away from Bitcoin’s spot price.
SEC’s Approval for Grayscale’s Application
Now, Grayscale has been working on a discount killer switch, through its attempts to convert GBTC from a trust fund to an ETF tied to Bitcoin’s price. If the SEC approves Grayscale’s application, it would prompt the GBTC discount to reset from its current discount levels to zero.
Nonetheless, the SEC has not approved a single spot Bitcoin ETF application citing risks related to price manipulation. In comparison, regulators in Canada and Europe have been more welcoming to physical Bitcoin-backed investment products.
ETF Investment Management Categories
Investment management firm Investor Trip asserted that the SEC would eventually approve the spot ETF “due to pressure from 3rd party supporters.” “If approved, Grayscale will convert the trust into a Spot ETF and the discount opportunity will no longer exist,” it wrote in its analysis published Feb. 14.
Conversely, analysts at Conservative Income Portfolio called GBTC an investment that is “destined for zero,” noting that its discount of net-asset-value of Bitcoin “is not relevant.”
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